JLPT N1: the complete guide
The JLPT N1 is the highest level and tests Japanese across a broad range of situations, including abstract and formal ones. Here you learn what to expect and how to prepare.
What you need to know for N1
Around 2000 kanji
Practically all kanji in everyday use, including rarer readings.
Around 10000 words
A very broad vocabulary, including idiomatic, abstract and written-style words.
Complex grammar
Understand fine nuances and formal and literary structures with confidence.
Argumentation
Grasp complex arguments and abstract texts in content and intent.
Listening
Follow natural conversations, lectures and news without support.
Demanding texts
Understand commentary, essays and specialist texts and see their logical structure.
A realistic study plan
Phase 1: vocabulary at a high level
The vocabulary is huge. Read authentic texts daily and collect new words and expressions systematically.
Phase 2: grammar and reading speed
Work through N1 grammar and train to grasp demanding texts quickly.
Phase 3: intensive exam practice
Do full mock exams under time pressure regularly. For N1, speed is often decisive.
How the exam works
The N1 has two blocks: language knowledge with reading, and listening. The exam takes around 170 minutes in total. To pass you need at least 100 out of 180 points plus a minimum score in each section.
Frequently asked questions
How hard is the JLPT N1?
N1 is the highest level and demands a very broad vocabulary, many kanji and fast reading of demanding texts. Speed is the biggest hurdle for many.
How many kanji do I need for N1?
Around 2000 kanji, that is practically the entire set in everyday use.
Do I really need N1?
For most careers N2 is enough. N1 mainly matters for university, research, translation and some specialised roles.
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